Keywords

antihyperglycemic medications

atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

cardiovascular diseases

diabetes

gestational

diabetes mellitus

type 1

type 2

diabetic nephropathies

diabetic neuropathies

diabetic retinopathy

dyslipidemias

guideline

hospitalization

hypertension

hypoglycemia

infertility

interdisciplinary communication

metabolic syndrome

obesity

occupations

prediabetic state

pregnancy

secondary diabetes

sleep apnea syndromes

telemedicine

vaccination

AbbreviationsAACE

American Association of Clinical Endocrinology

ABCD

adiposity-based chronic disease

ACE

angiotensin converting enzyme

aHR

adjusted hazards ratio

AID

automated insulin delivery

ARB

angiotensin II receptor blocker

ASCVD

atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

BGM

blood glucose monitoring

CAN

cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CDCES

clinical diabetes care and education specialist

CGM

continuous glucose monitoring

CHF

congestive heart failure

CKD

chronic kidney disease

CMD

cardiometabolic disease

COVID-19

coronavirus disease 2019

CPAP

continuous positive airway pressure

CSII

continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

CVD

cardiovascular disease

CVOT

cardiovascular outcome trial

DASH

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

DKD

diabetic kidney disease

DPP-4

dipeptidyl peptidase 4

DSMES

diabetes self-management education and support

DPN

diabetic peripheral neuropathy

eGFR

estimated glomerular filtration rate

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

FPG

fasting plasma glucose

GDM

gestational diabetes mellitus

GFR

glomerular filtration rate

GLP-1 RA

glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist

HDL-C

high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

HFpEF

heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

HFrEF

heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

HRV

heart rate variability

IFG

impaired fasting glucose

IGT

impaired glucose tolerance

isCGM

intermittently scanned CGM

LDL-C

low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

MACE

major adverse cardiovascular event

MDI

multiple daily injections

MNT

medical nutrition therapy

MODY

maturity-onset diabetes of the young

NAFLD

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

NASH

nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

NPH

Neutral Protamine Hagedorn

OGTT

oral glucose tolerance test

OSA

obstructive sleep apnea

PCSK9

proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9

RAS

renin-angiotensin-system

RAAS

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

RCT

randomized controlled trial

SDH

social determinants of health

SGLT2i

sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

UACR

urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio

VLDL-C

very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol