Outcomes of evidence-based modified sepsis protocol in an emergency department in Tanzania

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that could lead to multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), prolonged hospitalization, and increased mortality rates [1]. Over 19 million sepsis cases are reported annually, globally, and the estimated annual mortality rate is 5 million [2]. Although sepsis affects both high-income and resource-restricted countries, the latter group carries a higher disease burden[3]. Based on a global audit of intensive care units (ICUs), sepsis-related mortality was found to be 47.2% in Africa, compared to 13.1% in North America[3]. Over the past decade, developed countries have seen improvements in sepsis management and outcomes through targeted therapies and implementation of care bundles [2], [4]; however, resource-restricted countries have not seen corresponding improvements [3]. Data from various single-nation studies indicate a much higher sepsis-related mortality rate ranging from 43% to 50% in Uganda and Thailand, respectively, and even higher at 87% in Turkey[3]. The annual sepsis-related mortality rate at our institution in Tanzania was reported at 41%, with an average length of stay of 7 days in patients with a diagnosis of sepsis[5].

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