Back D, Marzolini C. The challenge of HIV treatment in an era of polypharmacy. J Int AIDS Soc. 2020;23(2):e25449.

Article  Google Scholar 

Guaraldi G, Malagoli A, Calcagno A, Mussi C, Celesia BM, Carli F, Piconi S, De Socio GV, Cattelan AM, Orofino G. The increasing burden and complexity of multi-morbidity and polypharmacy in geriatric HIV patients: a cross sectional study of people aged 65–74 years and more than 75 years. BMC Geriatr. 2018;18(1):99.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Sullivan PS, Satcher Johnson A, Pembleton ES, Stephenson R, Justice AC, Althoff KN, Bradley H, Castel AD, Oster AM, Rosenberg ES, Mayer KH, Beyrer C. Epidemiology of HIV in the USA: epidemic burden, inequities, contexts, and responses. Lancet. 2021;397(10279):1095–106.

Article  Google Scholar 

Wastesson JW, Morin L, Tan ECK, Johnell K. An update on the clinical consequences of polypharmacy in older adults: a narrative review. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2018;17(12):1185–96.

Article  Google Scholar 

McIsaac DI, Wong CA, Bryson GL, van Walraven C. Association of polypharmacy with survival, complications, and healthcare resource use after elective noncardiac surgery: a population-based cohort study. Anesthesiol J Am Soc Anesthesiol. 2018;128(6):1140–50.

Google Scholar 

Halloran MO, Boyle C, Kehoe B, Bagkeris E, Mallon P, Post FA, Vera J, Williams I, Anderson J, Winston A. Polypharmacy and drug–drug interactions in older and younger people living with HIV: the POPPY study. Antivir Ther. 2019. https://doi.org/10.3851/IMP3293.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ahmed B, Nanji K, Mujeeb R, Patel MJ. Effects of polypharmacy on adverse drug reactions among geriatric outpatients at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi: a prospective cohort study. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(11):e112133.

Article  Google Scholar 

Siefried KJ, Mao L, Cysique LA, Rule J, Giles ML, Smith DE, McMahon J, Read TR, Ooi C, Tee BK. Concomitant medication polypharmacy, interactions and imperfect adherence are common in Australian adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2018;32(1):35.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Danjuma MI, Egan D, Abubeker IY, Post F, Khoo S. Polymorphisms of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate transporters and risk of kidney tubular dysfunction in HIV-positive patients: genetics of tenofovir transporters. Int J STD AIDS. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462418786562.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Masnoon N, Shakib S, Kalisch-Ellett L, Caughey GE. What is polypharmacy? A systematic review of definitions. BMC Geriatrics. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0621-2.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Morillo-Verdugo R, de Robustillo-Cortés MA, Martín LA-K, de SotomayorPaz MÁ, de Naranjo FLL, González CVA. Determination of a cutoff value for medication regimen complexity index to predict polypharmacy in HIV+older patient. Rev Esp Quimioter. 2019;32(5):458.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Justice AC, Gordon KS, Skanderson M, Edelman EJ, Akgün KM, Gibert CL, ReLo V, Rimland D, Womack JA, Wyatt CM. Nonantiretroviral polypharmacy and adverse health outcomes among HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. AIDS. 2018;32(6):739.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ssonko M, Stanaway F, Mayanja HK, Namuleme T, Cumming R, Kyalimpa JL, Karamagi Y, Mukasa B, Naganathan V. Polypharmacy among HIV positive older adults on anti-retroviral therapy attending an urban clinic in Uganda. BMC Geriatr. 2018;18(1):125.

Article  Google Scholar 

Gimeno-Gracia M, Crusells-Canales MJ, Javier Armesto-Gomez F, Rabanaque-Hernández MJ. Prevalence of concomitant medications in older HIV+patients and comparison with general population. HIV Clin Trials. 2015;16(3):117–24.

Article  Google Scholar 

Patel R, Moore T, Cooper V, McArdle C, Perry N, Cheek E, Gainsborough N, Fisher M. An observational study of comorbidity and healthcare utilisation among HIV-positive patients aged 50 years and over. Int J STD AIDS. 2016;27(8):628–37.

Article  Google Scholar 

Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000100.

Article  Google Scholar 

Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 63. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2022.

Google Scholar 

Guaraldi G, Menozzi M, Zona S, Calcagno A, Silva AR, Santoro A, Malagoli A, Dolci G, Mussi C, Mussini C. Impact of polypharmacy on antiretroviral prescription in people living with HIV. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72(2):511–4.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Kara E, İnkaya aç, hakli da, demirkan sk, ünal S. Polypharmacy and drug-related problems among people living with HIV/AIDS: a single-center experience. Turkish J Med Sci. 2019;49(1):222–9.

Google Scholar 

Krentz HB, Gill MJ. The impact of non-antiretroviral polypharmacy on the continuity of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV patients. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2016;30(1):11–7.

Article  Google Scholar 

Nozza S, Malagoli A, Maia L, Calcagno A, Focà E, De Socio G, Piconi S, Orofino G, Cattelan AM, Celesia BM. Antiretroviral therapy in geriatric HIV patients: the GEPPO cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72(10):2879–86.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Okoli C, de Los RP, Eremin A, Brough G, Young B, Short D. Relationship between polypharmacy and quality of life among people in 24 countries living with HIV. Prev Chronic Dis. 2020;5(17):E22–E22.

Google Scholar 

Titon JP, Titon OJ, Júnior VS, Wendt GW, Follador FAC, Vieira AP, Ferreto LED. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and geriatric characteristics in older adults with and without HIV: a case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(30): e26734.

Article  Google Scholar 

Vinuesa-Hernando JM, Gimeno-Gracia M, Malo S, Sanjoaquin-Conde I, Crusells-Canales MJ, Letona-Carbajo S, Gracia-Piquer R. Potentially inappropriate prescriptions and therapeutic complexity in older HIV patients with comorbidities. Int J Clin Pharm. 2021;43(5):1245–50.

Article  Google Scholar 

Arant EC, Harding C, Geba M, Targonski PV, McManus KA. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and aging: multimorbidity in older people with HIV in one nonurban Southeastern Ryan white HIV/AIDS program clinic. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa584.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

GuzmánRamos MI, ManzanoGarcia M, las de RobustilloCortés MA, GutiérrezPizarraya A, MorilloVerdugo R. Influence of CMO pharmaceutical care model-based intervention on readmission rate in high risk HIV patients the INFARDAR study. Rev Española Quimioter. 2021. https://doi.org/10.37201/req/025.2021.

Article  Google Scholar 

Calcagno A, de Nicolò A, Pizzi C, Trunfio M, Tettoni C, Ferrara M, Alcantarini C, Trentini L, D’Avolio A, Di Perri G, Bonora S. Medication burden and clustering in people living with HIV undergoing therapeutic drug monitoring. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14869.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Loste C, Moltó J, Pérez-Álvarez N, Puig J, Echeverría P, Bonjoch A, Fumaz CR, Lemos B, Estany C, Clotet B, Negredo E. Potential prescribing issues among older HIV-infected subjects in a mediterranean cohort: does the current prevalence give cause for concern? Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021;87(3):1310–7.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Livio F, Deutschmann E, Moffa G, Rrustemi F, Stader F, Elzi L, Braun DL, Calmy A, Yerly S, et al. Analysis of inappropriate prescribing in elderly patients of the Swiss HIV cohort study reveals gender inequity. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2021;76(3):758–64.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Kuznetsov S, Eremin A, Zaytseva E, Young B, Basova A, Paice A, Marin O, de los Rios P, Okoli C. Treatment challenges and health conditions among people living with HIV with or without substance use disorder in the Russian federation. AIDS Care - Psychol Socio-Med Asp AIDS/HIV. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1960945.

Article  Google Scholar 

Allemann SS, Dürsteler KM, Strasser J, Vogel M, Stoeckle M, Hersberger KE, Arnet I. Novel remote electronic medication supply model for opioid-dependent outpatients with polypharmacy-first long-term case study. Harm Reduct J. 2017;14(1):10–7.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ware D, Palella FJ Jr, Chew KW, Friedman MR, D’Souza G, Ho K, Plankey M. Prevalence and trends of polypharmacy among HIV-positive and -negative men in the multicenter AIDS cohort study from 2004 to 2016. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(9):e0203890–e0203890.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ware D, Palella FJ, Chew KW, Friedman MR, D’Souza G, Ho K, Plankey M. Examination of polypharmacy trajectories among HIV-positive and HIV-negative men in an ongoing longitudinal cohort from 2004 to 2016. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2019;33(8):354–65.

Article  Google Scholar 

Holtzman C, Armon C, Tedaldi E, Chmiel JS, Buchacz K, Wood K, Brooks JT, Investigators H. Polypharmacy and risk of antiretroviral drug interactions among the aging HIV-infected population. J Gen Intern Med. 2013;28(10):1302–10.

Article  Google Scholar 

Cantudo-Cuenca MR, Jiménez-Galán R, Almeida-González CV, Morillo-Verdugo R. Concurrent use of comedications reduces adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients. J Manag Care Pharm. 2014;20(8):844–50.

Article  Google Scholar 

Gimeno-Gracia M, Sánchez-Rubio-Ferrández J, de LA Robustillo-Cortés M, Morillo-Verdugo R. Prevalence of polypharmacy and pharmacotherapy complexity in elderly people living with HIV in Spain. POINT study. Farm Hosp organo of Expr Cient la Soc Esp Farm Hosp. 2020;44(4):127–34.

Google Scholar 

Gimeno-Gracia M, Crusells-Canales MJ, Armesto-Gómez FJ, Compaired-Turlán V, Rabanaque-Hernández MJ. Polypharmacy in older adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection compared with the general population. Clin Interv Aging. 2016;11:1149.

Article  Google Scholar 

López-Centeno B, Badenes-Olmedo C, Mataix-Sanjuan Á, McAllister K, Bellón JM, Gibbons S, Balsalobre P, Pérez-Latorre L, Benedí J, Marzolini C, Aranguren-Oyarzábal A, Khoo S, Calvo-Alcántara MJ, Berenguer J. Polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions in HIV-infected subjects in the region of Madrid, Spain: a population-based study. Clin Infect Dis an Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz811.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mata-Marín JA, Martínez-Osio MH, Arroyo-Anduiza CI, de Berrospe-Silva MÁ, Chaparro-Sánchez A, Cruz-Grajales I, Cruz-Herrera JE, Uribe-Noguez LA, Gaytán-Martínez JE, Jerónimo-Morales M. Comorbidities and polypharmacy among HIV-positive patients aged 50 years and over: a case–control study. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):1–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mazzitelli M, Milinkovic A, Pereira B, Palmer J, Tong T, Asboe D, Boffito M. Polypharmacy and evaluation of anticholinergic risk in a cohort of elderly people living with HIV. AIDS. 2019;33(15):2439–41.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lopes S, O’Day K, Meyer K, Van Stiphout J, Punekar Y, Radford M, Haas JS. Comedication prescription patterns and potential for drug-drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy in people living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in Germany. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2020;29(3):270–8.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Fried TR, O’Leary J, Towle V, Goldstein MK, Trentalange M, Martin DK. Health outcomes associated with polypharmacy in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014;62(12):2261–72.

Article  Google Scholar 

Greene M, Steinman MA, McNicholl IR, Valcour V. Polypharmacy, drug-drug interactions, and potentially inappropriate medications in older adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014;62(3):447–53.

Article  Google Scholar 

Nishtala PS, Salahudeen MS. Temporal trends in polypharmacy and hyperpolypharmacy in older New Zealanders over a 9-Year period: 2005–2013. Gerontology. 2015;61(3):195–202.

Article  Google Scholar 

Veehof L, Stewart R, Haaijer-Ruskamp F, Jong BM. The development of polypharmacy. A longitudinal study Fam Pract. 2000;17(3):261–7.

CAS  PubMed