As a result of changes in the healthcare system and their redefined role, the nurses in emergency department or unit plays a major part in trauma triage [1]. A triage emergency nurse’s position is essential in achieving a positive outcome for trauma patients [2]. Emergency nurses, as providers who give initial trauma patient care, can help to reduce medical errors for patients entering the hospital by providing trauma triage correctly [3], [4]. Furthermore, emergency nurses are expected to contribute to patient outcome improvement as a framework for assessing knowledge and skill developments in trauma triage [5].

A well-functioning trauma care system engenders a substantial advantage for mortality rates [6]. However, in-hospital trauma triage is commonly one of the weakest parts of the healthcare system in low income countries [7], [8]. Trauma is currently the ninth largest cause of death in all age groups and is expected to increase to the seventh major cause of death by 2030 as a result of a trend in increasing treatment errors [9]. Furthermore, the number of trauma patients recorded in hospitals globally has increased over time from 1.5 to 5, and subsequently 8 million in 2015, 2017, and 2020 respectively [10], [11], [12], [13] aside the fact that, injuries are the world’s fifth leading cause of moderate and severe disability [14].

Inadequate trauma triage can engender complications that worsen trauma patient outcomes, resulting in increased mortality rates and increased treatment time [13]. Furthermore, as the number of trauma patients in hospitals rise, so too does the weakness of the trauma triage system, resulting in increased errors by the emergency nurse. Notably, the majority of trauma patient deaths occur during the first four hours after hospital entry if expeditious action is not taken [15].

Eemergency nurses’ knowledge and skill are used to triage trauma patients into the most appropriate assessment and treatment areas [16]. Successful trauma triaging necessitates sufficient knowledge and skills among emergency nurses for the quick assessment and the proper categorization of patient diagnosis [17]. Nevertheless, previous researchers have found that emergency nurses had a poor to moderate degree of triage knowledge and skill [18], [19], [20]. Furthermore, if emergency nurses' knowledge and skills are inconsistent or inadequate, the health care system in the hospital may be jeopardized [16]. Therefore, studies on trauma triage among emergency nurses are required to determine nurses’ knowledge and skill levels; the relationship between knowledge, skill and triaging, and whether triage knowledge and skills have improved from past to present [21], [22].

Palestine is a low-income country with a nurse shortage in the emergency department. As a consequence of the increasing number of trauma patients in hospitals of low-income countries, trauma triage performance has suffered leading to inaccurate trauma triaging among emergency nurses [23]. In view of such concern, there is a lack of recent study on trauma triage among emergency nurses in the Middle East, especially Palestine. Hence, the current study is important in identifying the emergency nurses' knowledge and skills on trauma triaging, and in determining factors that affect trauma triage among emergency nurses in this region.