Haider AW, Larson MG, Benjamin EJ, Levy D. Increased left ventricular mass and hypertrophy are associated with increased risk for sudden death. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1454–9.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Levy D, Anderson KM, Savage DD, Balkus SA, Kannel WB, Castelli WP. Risk of ventricular arrhythmias in left ventricular hypertrophy: the Framingham Heart Study. Am J Cardiol. 1987;60:560–5.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Levy D, Wilson PW, Anderson KM, Castelli WP. Stratifying the patient at risk from coronary disease: new insights from the Framingham Heart Study. Am Heart J. 1990;119:712–7.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Gheeraert PJ, De Buyzere ML, Taeymans YM, et al. Risk factors for primary ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2499–510.

Article  Google Scholar 

Luqman N, Sung RJ, Wang C-L, Kuo C-T. Myocardial ischemia and ventricular fibrillation: pathophysiology and clinical implications. Int J Cardiol. 2007;119:283–90.

Article  Google Scholar 

Di Diego JM, Antzelevitch C. Ischemic ventricular arrhythmias: experimental models and their clinical relevance. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:1963–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kohya T, Kimura S, Myerburg RJ, Bassett AL. Susceptibility of hypertrophied rat hearts to ventricular fibrillation during acute ischemia. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1988;20:159–68.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Moreau C, Jacquet H, Prost AL, D’hahan N, Vivaudou M. The molecular basis of the specificity of action of K(ATP) channel openers. EMBO J. 2000;19:6644–51.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Kang CS, Chen CC, Lin CC, Chang NC, Lee TM. Effect of ATP-sensitive potassium channel agonists on sympathetic hyperinnervation in postinfarcted rat hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009;296:H1949–59.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Garlid KD, Paucek P, Yarov-Yarovoy V, Sun X, Schindler PA. The mitochondrial KATP channel as a receptor for potassium channel openers. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:8796–9.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Lee HC, An SG, Choi JH, et al. Effect of intra-coronary nicorandil administration prior to reperfusion in acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Circ J. 2008;72:1425–9.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Zhou J, Xu J, Cheng A, Li P, Chen B, Sun S. Effect of nicorandil treatment adjunctive to percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Med Res. 2020;48:300060520967856.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang ZD, Li H, Liu M, et al. Effect of intravenous application of nicorandil on area of myocardial infarction in patients with STEMI during the perioperative stage of PCI. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2021;77:411–23.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Das B, Sarkar C. Mitochondrial K ATP channel activation is important in the antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effects of non-hypotensive doses of nicorandil and cromakalim during ischemia/reperfusion: a study in an intact anesthetized rabbit model. Pharmacol Res. 2003;47:447–61.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Mizumura T, Nithipatikom K, Gross GJ. Effects of nicorandil and glyceryl trinitrate on infarct size, adenosine release, and neutrophil infiltration in the dog. Cardiovasc Res. 1995;29:482–9.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Das B, Sarkar C, Karanth KS. Selective mitochondrial K(ATP) channel activation results in antiarrhythmic effect during experimental myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in anesthetized rabbits. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002;437:165–71.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Eaton M, Hernandez LA, Schaefer S. Ischemic preconditioning and diazoxide limit mitochondrial Ca overload during ischemia/reperfusion: role of reactive oxygen species. Exp Clin Cardiol. 2005;10:96–103.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen M, Zhou JJ, Kam KW, Qi JS, Yan WY, Wu S, et al. Roles of KATP channels in delayed cardioprotection and intracellular Ca(2+) in the rat heart as revealed by kappa-opioid receptor stimulation with U50488H. Br J Pharmacol. 2003;140:750–8.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Miura T, Kawamura S, Tatsuno H, et al. Ischemic preconditioning attenuates cardiac sympathetic nerve injury via ATP-sensitive potassium channels during myocardial ischemia. Circulation. 2001;104:1053–8.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Ohe K, Sperlagh B, Santha E, et al. Modulation of norepinephrine release by ATP-dependent K+ channel activators and inhibitors in human isolated right atrium. Cardiovasc Res. 1999;43:125–34.

Article  Google Scholar 

Yoshida M, Nakakimura K, Cui YJ, Matsumoto M, Sakabe T. Adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker attenuate the tolerance to focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004;24:771–9.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Akiyama T, Yamazaki T, Ninomiya I. In vivo monitoring of myocardial interstitial norepinephrine by dialysis technique. Am J Physiol. 1991;261:H1643–7.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Naseratun N, Kobara M, Watanabe Y, Toba H, Nakata T. Comparison of effects of L/N-type and L-type calcium channel blockers on post-infarct cardiac remodelling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2020;47:1545–53.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Richards DA, Aronovitz MJ, Calamaras TD, et al. Distinct phenotypes induced by three degrees of transverse aortic constriction in mice. Sci Rep. 2019;9:5844.

Article  Google Scholar 

Zhang W, Bogale S, Golriz F, Krishnamurthy R. Relationship between heart rate and quiescent interval of the cardiac cycle in children using MRI. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47:1588–93.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sarnari R, Kamal RY, Friedberg MK, Silverman NH. Doppler assessment of the ratio of the systolic to diastolic duration in normal children: relation to heart rate, age and body surface area. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009;22:928–32.

Article  Google Scholar 

Trevi G, Sheiban I, Gorni R. Myocardial hypertrophy and arterial hypertension. G Ital Cardiol. 1995;25:1331–8.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zheng RH, Bai XJ, Zhang WW, et al. Liraglutide attenuates cardiac remodeling and improves heart function after abdominal aortic constriction through blocking angiotensin II type 1 receptor in rats. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019;13:2745–57.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Assayag P, Carré F, Chevalier B, Delcayre C, Mansier P, Swynghedauw B. Compensated cardiac hypertrophy: arrhythmogenicity and the new myocardial phenotype. I Fibrosis Cardiovasc Res. 1997;34:439–44.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Stables CL, Curtis MJ. Development and characterization of a mouse in vitro model of ischaemia-induced ventricular fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res. 2009;83:397–404.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Schlaich MP, Kaye DM, Lambert E, et al. Angiotensin II and norepinephrine release: interaction and effects on the heart. J Hypertens. 2005;23:1077–82.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Bischoff KO, Meesmann W, Wild U. Contractility and elevated catecholamine sensitivity of pressure-produced hypertrophied heart. Z Kardiol. 1974;63:971–87.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen J, Li M, Yu Y, et al. Prevention of ventricular arrhythmia complicating acute myocardial infarction by local cardiac denervation. Int J Cardiol. 2015;184:667–73.

Article  Google Scholar 

Burgdorf C, Dendorfer A, Kurz T, et al. Role of neuronal KATP channels and extraneuronal monoamine transporter on norepinephrine overflow in a model of myocardial low flow ischemia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004;309:42–8.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Liu GS, Thornton J, Van Winkle DM, Stanley AW, Olsson RA, Downey JM. Protection against infarction afforded by preconditioning is mediated by A1 adenosine receptors in rabbit heart. Circulation. 1991;84:350–6.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Schömig A, Fischer S, Kurz T, Richardt G, Schömig E. Nonexocytotic release of endogenous noradrenaline in the ischemic and anoxic rat heart: mechanism and metabolic requirements. Circ Res. 1987;60:194–205.

Article  Google Scholar 

Schömig A, Dart AM, Dietz R, Mayer E, Kübler W. Release of endogenous catecholamines in the ischemic myocardium of the rat. Part A: locally mediated release. Circ Res. 1984;55:689–701.

Article  Google Scholar 

Nukada H, Baba M, Ogasawara S, McMorran D, Yagihashi S. Neuropathy in the spontaneously hypertensive rat: an electrophysiological and histological study. Muscle Nerve. 2016;54:756–62.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Salman S, Brown ST, Nurse CA. Chronic nicotine induces hypoxia inducible factor-2α in perinatal rat adrenal chromaffin cells: role in transcriptional upregulation of KATP channel subunit Kir6.2. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2012;302:C1531-8.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Horinaka S, Kobayashi N, Yabe A, et al. Nicorandil protects against lethal ischemic ventricular arrhythmias and up-regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and sulfonylurea receptor 2 mRNA in conscious rats with acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2004;18:13–22.

CAS  Article  Google Scholar