Antonio Bertoletti has always been interested in studying HBV immunopathogenesis with a particular focus on immunologically based therapies for the treatment of chronic HBV infection and hepatocellular carcinoma. He was trained as an infectious-disease specialist at University of Parma, Italy, and he then worked at The Scripps Research Institute, University College of London and now at Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. After the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, his laboratory has been actively involved in the characterization of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immune response in infected and vaccinated individuals.

Matteo Iannacone was trained at The Scripps Research Institute and at Harvard Medical School before establishing his laboratory at San Raffaele Scientific Institute & University. He uses hepatitis B, SARS-CoV-2, and other viruses as a convenient excuse to study basic elements of immunology, cell biology, and pathology.

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