Histological, Immunohistochemical and Radiographic Evaluation of Amitriptyline Administration on the Periodontium of Albino Rats (An Experimental Study)

The Saudi Dental Journal

Available online 4 July 2022

The Saudi Dental JournalAbstractBackground

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant drug accustomed to treat depressive disorders. It recorded many side effects on different tissues.

Objective

To investigate reaction of Albino rats’ periodontium after oral administration of Amitriptyline histologically and radiographically.

Methods

Fourteen adult male albino rats (150-200 grams) were divided into two groups, control and experimental. Rats of experimental group received 10mg⁄kg⁄day of Amitriptyline hydrochloride by oral gavage for four weeks. Mandibles were prepared for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and anti-osteopontin (Anti-OPN) immunohistochemistry staining. Bone mineral density was measured in mandibular alveolar bone. Statistical analysis for Anti-OPN and relative Hounsfield unit value (HU value) was performed using independent-samples t-test.

Results

Gingiva of experimental group showed epithelial degeneration with pyknotic nuclei and disintegration in lamina propria. Areas of separation in alveolar bone and degeneration of some regions in cementum were seen with apparent increase in periodontal ligament (PDL) thickness and its detachment from bone and cementum at some regions. Immunohistochemical examination of experimental group showed apparently increased immunopositivity in gingiva, cementocytes, osteocytes, cementum, bone matrices, fibroblasts and PDL fibers when compared to control group. Statistical analysis revealed insignificant difference of Anti-OPN area% in gingiva between both studied groups. While there was statistical significant increase of Anti-OPN area% in the other periodontium tissues and high statistical significant decrease of relative HU value in experimental group when compared to control.

Conclusions

Amitriptyline has destructive effect on periodontal tissues and statistically increases the expression of Anti-OPN in all periodontal tissues except gingiva and decreases bone mineral density.

Keywords

Amitriptyline

Osteopontin

periodontium

Cone beam CT

HU value

AbbreviationsTCAs

tricyclic antidepressants

SSRIs

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

PBS

phosphate buffered saline

CBCT

cone beam computed tomography

HU value

Hounsfield unit value

DVT

dental volumetric tomography

© 2022 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.

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