Available online 9 June 2022, 104562

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become an evolving global health crisis.

In the COVID-19 epidemic, researchers found that nearly half of COVID-19 inpatients had comorbidities, with hypertension being the most common comorbidities and more frequently observed in patients with severe COVID-19.

Understanding the immune system changes in primary hypertension and how the immune system interacts with COVID-19 is important.

We synthesize recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between primary hypertension and COVID-19 and its underlying mechanisms, and provide specific treatment guidance for these high-risk groups.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become an evolving global health crisis. With an increasing incidence of primary hypertension, there is greater awareness of the relationship between primary hypertension and the immune system [including CD4+, CD8+ T cells, interleukin-17 (IL-17)/T regulatory cells (Treg) balance, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, B cells, and cytokines]. Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of various infections, post-infection complications, and increased mortality from severe infections. Despite ongoing reports on the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19, no articles have systematically addressed the role of primary hypertension in COVID-19 or how COVID-19 affects hypertension or specific treatment in these high-risk groups. Here, we synthesize recent advances in understanding the relationship between primary hypertension and COVID-19 and its underlying mechanisms and provide specific treatment guidelines for these high-risk groups.

SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19

Hypertension

Immune system

Treatment

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