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Article / Publication Details AbstractExtramedullary relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not a rare event and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation is a well-known risk factor. Gilteritinib is approved for relapsed/refractory FLT3+ AML but its efficacy in extramedullary relapse is still undefined. Here, we present the case of a 69-year-old woman with therapy-related nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) and FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) positive acute myeloid leukemia treated with induction and consolidation with CPX-351 (liposomal daunorubicin plus cytarabine) followed by off-label azacitidine maintenance who obtained a complete remission (CR) with persistent measurable residual disease. After 19 months of CR, she experienced an isolated breast relapse of FLT3-ITD+ AML. She was started on single agent gilteritinib, resulting in a rapid and persistent complete regression of the breast nodule. Targeted therapy with gilteritinib for relapsed/refractory FLT3-ITD+ AML can be effective in isolated extramedullary relapse.
S. Karger AG, Basel
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