1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD

2University of California, Los Angeles, CA

3Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

4Kaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, CA

5Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA

Reprint requests to: Rebecca B. Perkins, MD, MSc, 771 Albany St, Dowling Bldg, 4th Flr, Boston, MA 02118. E-mail: [email protected]

The National Cancer Institute (including all NCI-affiliated authors) receives cervical screening results at reduced or no cost from commercial research partners (Qiagen, Roche, BD, MobileODT, Arbor Vita) for independent evaluations of screening methods and strategies, A.-B.M. is a Merck and GSK, Advisory Board member. P.E.C. has received human papillomavirus tests and assays at a reduced or no cost from Roche, Becton Dickinson, Arbor Vita Corporation, and Cepheid for research. A.H. has received reagents for free from Roche, Denmark, for an unrelated study. The other authors have declared they have no conflicts of interest.

The field effort was a collaboration of the National Cancer Institute and the Kaiser Permanente Northern California and was supported in part by the intramural program of the NCI. The NCI has received HPV and cytology test results at no cost from Roche Molecular Systems, Qiagen, and BD Diagnostics for independent evaluations of these technologies.

The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the National Cancer Institute.

This study was approved by institutional review boards at the National Cancer Institute and Kaiser Permanente Northern California.