aDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton

bStructural Heart Program, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Correspondence to Dr Gianluigi Bisleri, Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Bond 8th Floor, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, USA. Tel: +1 416 864 5706; e-mail: [email protected]