Dietary habits in Australian, New Zealand and Malaysian patients with end stage kidney failure: A pre‐specified cross‐sectionalstudy of the FAVOURED trial participants.

Aim

Dietary management plays an important role in patients with kidney failure. Current dietary habits of Australians and New Zealanders (ANZ) and Malaysians with chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 4-5) have not been adequately studied. We report the dietary habits of people with advanced CKD and their adherence to country specific Dietary Guidelines.

Methods

Participants with CKD stage 4-5, enrolled in the Omega-3 Fatty Acids (fish Oils) and Aspirin in Vascular access Outcomes in Renal Disease (FAVOURED)trial completed a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline on their dietary intake.

Results

Of 567 participants, 538(ANZ n=386, Malaysian n=152, mean age 54.8±14.3 years, 64% male) completed the questionnaire. Dietary fruit and vegetable intakes were higher in ANZ participants; 49% (n=189) consumed ≥2 serves/day of fruit and 61% (n=235) ate ≥2 serves/day of vegetables compared to 24% (n=36) and 34% (n=52) of Malaysians respectively (P<0.0001). Only 4% (n=15) of ANZ participants met Australian Dietary recommendations of 2 fruit and 5 vegetable serves/day. Fish consumption was higher in Malaysians with 83% (n=126)consuming ≥2 serves/week compared to 21% (n=81) of ANZ participants (P<0.001). Red meat intake was higher in ANZ participants, however chicken consumption was similar; 48% (n=185) consumed >2 chicken serves/week and 65% (n=251) ate >2 serves/week of red meat compared to 43% (n=65) and 15% (n=23) of Malaysians, respectively.

Conclusion

Significant regional variation in dietary intake for fruit, vegetables and animal protein are described which likely reflect cultural and economic differences. Barriers to meeting recommended dietary intakes requires further study.

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