1  Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

2  Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

,

Brooks R. Osburn

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

4  Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States

,

Zane A. Tymchak

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

,

Wyatt L. Ramey

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

,

Rod J. Oskouian

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

,

Robert A. Hart

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

,

Jens R. Chapman

3  Complex Spine Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States

,

Line G. Jacques

2  Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States

,

R. Shane Tubbs

5  Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

None.