Introduction

In December 2019, the world witnessed the occurrence of a new coronavirus to humanity. The disease spread quickly and became known as a pandemic globally, affecting both society and the health care system, both the elderly and young groups of people, and both the men’s and women’s groups. It was a universal challenge that immediately caused a surge in scientific research. Be a part of a world rising in fighting against the pandemic, the Coronavirus Disease - COVID-19 was depicted in the early days of the pandemic, but updated by more than 200 scientists and clinicians to include many facets of this new infectious pandemic, including i, characteristics, ecology, and evolution of coronaviruses; ii, epidemiology, genetics, and pathogenesis (immune responses and oxidative stress) of the disease; iii, diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical manifestations of the disease in pediatrics, geriatrics, pregnant women, and neonates; iv, challenges of co-occurring the disease with tropical infections, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer and to the settings of dentistry, hematology, ophthalmology, and pharmacy; v, transmission, prevention, and potential treatments, ranging from supportive ventilator support and nutrition therapy to potential virus- and host-based therapies, immune-based therapies, photobiomodulation, antiviral photodynamic therapy, and vaccines; vi, the resulting consequences on social lives, mental health, education, tourism industry and economy; and  vii, multimodal approaches to solve the problem by bioinformatic methods, innovation and ingenuity, globalization, social and scientific networking, interdisciplinary approaches, and art integration. We are approaching December 2020 and the still presence of COVID-19, asking us to call it COVID (without 19).

Keywords

2019-nCoV Acute respiratory disease Infection Immune system MERS SARS

Editors and affiliations

1.Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, IranNetwork of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN)TehranIran About the editors

Professor Nima Rezaei gained his medical degree (MD) from Tehran University of Medical Sciences and subsequently obtained an MSc in Molecular and Genetic Medicine and a PhD in Clinical Immunology and Human Genetics from the University of Sheffield, UK. He also spent a short-term fellowship of Pediatric Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation in the Newcastle General Hospital.  Professor Rezaei is now the Full Professor of Immunology and Vice Dean of International Affairs, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and the co-founder and Deputy President of the Research Center for Immunodeficiencies. He is also the founding President of Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN). Prof. Rezaei has already been the Director of more than 50 research projects and has designed and participated in several international collaborative projects. Prof. Rezaei is an editorial assistant or board member for more than 30 international journals. He has edited more than 30 international books, has presented more than 500 lectures/posters in congresses/meetings, and has published more than 800 articles in the international scientific journals.

Bibliographic information Book Title Coronavirus Disease - COVID-19 Editors Nima Rezaei
Series Title Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Series Abbreviated Title Adv Exp Med Biol DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63761-3 Copyright Information The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 Publisher Name Springer, Cham eBook Packages Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences (R0) Hardcover ISBN 978-3-030-63760-6 Softcover ISBN 978-3-030-63763-7 eBook ISBN 978-3-030-63761-3 Series ISSN 0065-2598 Series E-ISSN 2214-8019 Edition Number 1 Number of Pages XX, 964 Number of Illustrations 47 b/w illustrations, 121 illustrations in colour Topics Virology
Immunology
Epidemiology