Bi Y, Zhang Z, Liu W, Yin Y, Hong J, Li X, Wang H, Wong G, Chen J, Li Y, et al. 2015. Highly pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) virus struck migratory birds in China in 2015. Sci Rep. 5:12986.

Bui VN, Dao TD, Nguyen TTH, Nguyen LT, Bui AN, Trinh DQ, Pham NT, Inui K, Runstadler J, Ogawa H, et al. 2014. Pathogenicity of an H5N1 avian influenza virus isolated in Vietnam in 2012 and reliability of conjunctival samples for diagnosis of infection. Virus Res. 179:125–132.

Cheung C, Rayner JM, Smith GJ, Wang P, Naipospos T, Zhang J, Yuen K, Webster RG, Peiris Jsm, Guan Y, Chen H. 2006. Distribution of amantadine‐resistant H5N1 Avian Influenza variants in Asia. J Infect Dis. 193:1626–1629. DOI: 10.1086/504723.

Dharmayanti N, Ibrahim F, Soebandrio A. 2010. Amantadine Resistant of Indonesian H5N1 Subtype Influenza Viruses During 2003-2008. Microbiol Indones. 4:11–16.

Dharmayanti NLPI, Hartawan R, Hewajuli DA, Hardiman, Wibawa H, Pudjiatmoko. 2013. Molecular characteristic and pathogenicity of Indonesian H5N1 clade 2.3.2 viruses. JITV. 18:99–113.

Dharmayanti N, Hartawan R, Pudjiatmoko H, Wibawa, Hardiman A, Balish R, Donis CT, Davis, Samaan G. 2014. Genetic Characterization of Clade 2.3.2.1 Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses, Indonesia, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 20:677–680.

Dharmayanti NLPI, Hartawan R, Hewajuli DA. 2016. Development of primers for Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction to detect avian influenza virus in Indonesia. J Vet.17 (2) : 183 – 196.

East M, Nations U, Organisation W, Health A. 2018. Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and development of candidate vaccine viruses for pandemic preparedness. Relev Epidemiol Hebd. 93(12):142–152.

He G, Qiao J, Dong C, He C, Zhao L, Tian Y. 2008. Amantadine-resistance among H5N1 avian influenza viruses isolated in Northern China. Antiviral Res. 77(1):72–76.

Hoffmann E, Stech J, Guan Y, Webster RG, Perez DR. 2001. Universal primer set for the full-length amplification of all influenza A viruses. Arch Virol. 146:2275–2289. DOI: 10.1007/s007050170002.

Ison MG. 2013. Clinical use of approved influenza antivirals: therapy and prophylaxis. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 7:7–13. DOI: 10.1111/irv.12046.

Jacob A, Sood R, Chanu KV, Bhatia S, Khandia R, Pateriya AK, Nagarajan S, Dimri U, Kulkarni DD. 2016. Amantadine resistance among highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) isolated from India. Microb Pathog. 91: 35 - 40.

Le TH, Nguyen NTB. 2014. Evolutionary dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 HA clades and vaccine implementation in Vietnam. Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 3:117. DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2014.3.2.117.

Lee MS, Chang PC, Shien JH, Cheng MC, Shieh HK. 2001. Identification and subtyping of avian influenza viruses by reverse transcription-PCR. J Virol Methods. 97 (1-2) : 13 - 22.

Lee HK, Tang JW-T, Loh TP, Hurt AC, Oon LL-E, Koay ES-C. 2015. Molecular surveillance of antiviral drug resistance of Influenza A/H3N2 virus in Singapore, 2009-2013.Schmolke M, editor. PLoS One. 10:e0117822. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117822.

Liang L, Deng G, Shi J, Wang S, Zhang Q, Kong H, Gu C, Guan Y, Suzuki Y, Li Y, et al. 2016. Genetics, receptor binding, replication, and mammalian transmission of H4 Avian Influenza viruses isolated from live poultry markets in China.Dermody TS, editor. J Virol. 90:1455–1469. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02692-15.

Naguib MM, Kinne J, Chen H, Chan K-H, Joseph S, Wong P-C, Woo PCY, Wernery R, Beer M, Wernery U, Harder TC. 2015. Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1c in hunting falcons and kept wild birds in Dubai implicate intercontinental virus spread. J Gen Virol. 96:3212–3222. DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000274.

OIE Terrestial Manual. 2021. Avian influenza (including infection with high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses. Chapter 3.3.4

Reed LJ, Muench H. 1938. A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. Am J Epidemiol. 27:493–497. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408.

Smith GJD, Donis RO. 2015. Nomenclature updates resulting from the evolution of avian influenza A(H5) virus clades 2.1.3.2a, 2.2.1, and 2.3.4 during 2013-2014. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 9(5):271–276.

Swayne D. 2021. Avian influenza (including infection with high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses. In: OIE Terrestial Man. Paris (Fr): OIE.

Wan X-F, Dong L, Lan Y, Long L-P, Xu C, Zou S, Li Z, Wen L, Cai Z, Wang W, et al. 2011. Indications that live poultry markets are a major source of Human H5N1 Influenza virus infection in China. J Virol. 85:13432–13438. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.05266-11.

WHO-OIE-FAO H5N1EWG. 2014. Revised and updated nomenclature for highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 8(3):384–388.

Wibawa H, Bingham J, Nuradji H, Lowther S, Payne J, Harper J, Junaidi A, Middleton D, Meers J. 2014. Experimentally infected domestic ducks show efficient transmission of Indonesian H5N1 highly pathogenic Avian Influenza virus, but lack persistent viral shedding.Davis T, editor. PLoS One. 9:e83417. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083417.

Wright KE, Wilson GA, Novosad D, Dimock C, Tan D, Weber JM. 1995. Typing and subtyping of influenza viruses in clinical samples by PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 33:1180–1184. DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.5.1180-1184.1995.

Zhou J, Zou L, Zhang X, Liao J, Ni H, Hou N, Wang Y, Li H, Wu J, Jonges M, et al. 2011. Adamantane- and oseltamivir-resistant seasonal A (H1N1) and pandemic A (H1N1) 2009 Influenza viruses in Guangdong, China, during 2008 and 2009. J Clin Microbiol. 49:2651–2655. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00535-11.