Hypoglycemia during the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy ‐ maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes

Objective

To evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by hypoglycemia on 100gr OGTT.

Methods

A retrospective cohort analysis of all live-born deliveries in single medical center between 2018 to 2019 with available OGTT results and birth outcomes. Preterm deliveries(<34 weeks), multiple pregnancies and major anomalies were excluded. Hypoglycemia during OGTT was defined as at least one glucose value <60 mg/dl. Maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes were compared between 3 groups: Hypoglycemia on OGTT, Normal OGTT and abnormal OGTT. Univariate followed by multivariate analysis were utilized to control for confounders.

Results

Overall, 2,079 pregnancies entered analysis. Of them, 216(10.4%) had at least one hypoglycemic value, 1,072(51.6%) had normal OGTT's and 791(38%) abnormal OGTT's. Hypoglycemia in OGTT was more prevalent in multiparous women and was associated with fetal male gender. Absolute birthweight, low birth weight and small for gestational age differed between groups, however, there was no difference between groups in overall birth weight percentiles (60.1±26.8 vs. 63±26 vs. 60.9±27, p>0.05). Following adjustment to confounders hypoglycemia was not associated with rates of low birth weight or small for gestational age (p<0.05). There were no other differences in perinatal outcomes between groups.

Conclusions

Hypoglycemia in OGTT is not associated with maternal or neonatal adverse outcomes.

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