An TQ, Tian ZJ, Xiao Y, Li R, Peng JM, Wei TC, Zhang Y, Zhou YJ, Tong GZ (2010) Origin of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, China. Emerg Infect Dis 16:365–367

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

An TQ, Tian ZJ, Leng CL, Peng JM, Tong GZ (2011) Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Asia. Emerg Infect Dis 17:1782–1784

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Bai X, Wang Y, Xu X, Sun Z, Xiao Y, Ji G, Li Y, Tan F, Li X, Tian K (2016) Commercial vaccines provide limited protection to NADC30-like PRRSV infection. Vaccine 34:5540–5545

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Benfield DA, Nelson E, Collins JE, Harris L, Goyal SM, Robison D, Christianson WT, Morrison RB, Gorcyca D, Chladek D (1992) Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332). J Vet Diagn Invest 4:127–133

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bian T, Sun Y, Hao M, Zhou L, Ge X, Guo X, Han J, Yang H (2017) A recombinant type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between NADC30-like and a MLV-like: Genetic characterization and pathogenicity for piglets. Infect Genet Evol 54:279–286

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen N, Ye M, Li S, Huang Y, Zhou R, Yu X, Tian K, Zhu J (2018) Emergence of a novel highly pathogenic recombinant virus from three lineages of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 in China 2017. Transbound Emerg Dis 65:1775–1785

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen P, Wang K, Hou Y, Li H, Li X, Yu L, Jiang Y, Gao F, Tong W, Yu H, Yang Z, Tong G, Zhou Y (2019) Genetic evolution analysis and pathogenicity assessment of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains circulating in part of China during 2011–2017. Infect Genet Evol 69:153–165

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Chen P, Zhao X, Zhou S, Zhou T, Tan X, Wu X, Tong W, Gao F, Yu L, Jiang Y, Yu H, Yang Z, Tong G, Zhou Y (2021) A virulent PEDV strain FJzz1 with genomic mutations and deletions at the high passage level was attenuated in piglets via serial passage in vitro. Virol Sin. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-021-00368-w

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Corzo CA, Mondaca E, Wayne S, Torremorell M, Dee S, Davies P, Morrison RB (2010) Control and elimination of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Virus Res 154:185–192

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dong JG, Yu LY, Wang PP, Zhang LY, Liu YL, Liang PS, Song CX (2018) A new recombined porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus virulent strain in China. J Vet Sci 19:89–98

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Forsberg R (2005) Divergence time of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus subtypes. Mol Biol Evol 22:2131–2134

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gao JC, Xiong JY, Ye C, Chang XB, Guo JC, Jiang CG, Zhang GH, Tian ZJ, Cai XH, Tong GZ, An TQ (2017) Genotypic and geographical distribution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses in mainland China in 1996–2016. Vet Microbiol 208:164–172

PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guo A, Wu G, Gong W, Luo X, Zheng H, Jia H, Cai X (2012) Outbreaks of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Jiangxi province. China Ir Vet J 65:14

PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guo Z, Chen XX, Li R, Qiao S, Zhang G (2018) The prevalent status and genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China: a molecular epidemiological perspective. Virol J 15:2

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Guo Z, Chen XX, Li X, Qiao S, Deng R, Zhang G (2019) Prevalence and genetic characteristics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in central China during 2016–2017: NADC30-like PRRSVs are predominant. Microb Pathog 135:103657

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Huang Y, Li Z, Li J, Yibo K, Yang L, Mah CK, Liu G, Yu B, Wang K (2019) Efficacy evaluation of three modified-live PRRS vaccines against a local strain of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vet Microbiol 229:117–123

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jiang Y, Li G, Yu L, Li L, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Tong W, Liu C, Gao F, Tong G (2020) Genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) from 1996 to 2017 in China. Front Microbiol 11:618

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Kappes MA, Faaberg KS (2015) PRRSV structure, replication and recombination: origin of phenotype and genotype diversity. Virology 479–480:475–486

PubMed  Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kuhn JH, Lauck M, Bailey AL, Shchetinin AM, Vishnevskaya TV, Bao Y, Ng TF, LeBreton M, Schneider BS, Gillis A, Tamoufe U, Diffo Jle D, Takuo JM, Kondov NO, Coffey LL, Wolfe ND, Delwart E, Clawson AN, Postnikova E, Bollinger L, Lackemeyer MG, Radoshitzky SR, Palacios G, Wada J, Shevtsova ZV, Jahrling PB, Lapin BA, Deriabin PG, Dunowska M, Alkhovsky SV, Rogers J, Friedrich TC, O’Connor DH, Goldberg TL (2016) Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae. Arch Virol 161:755–768

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Xu G, Du X, Xu L, Ma Z, Li Z, Feng Y, Jiao D, Guo W, Xiao S (2021) Genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of a new recombinant strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Arch Virol 166:389–402

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Zhou L, Zhang J, Ge X, Zhou R, Zheng H, Geng G, Guo X, Yang H (2014) Nsp9 and Nsp10 contribute to the fatal virulence of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emerging in China. PLoS Pathog 10:e1004216

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Liu JK, Zhou X, Zhai JQ, Li B, Wei CH, Dai AL, Yang XY, Luo ML (2017) Emergence of a novel highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 64:2059–2074

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu Y, Li J, Yang J, Zeng H, Guo L, Ren S, Sun W, Chen Z, Cong X, Shi J, Chen L, Du Y, Li J, Wang J, Wu J, Yu J (2018) Emergence of different recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses, China. Sci Rep 8:4118

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lole KS, Bollinger RC, Paranjape RS, Gadkari D, Kulkarni SS, Novak NG, Ingersoll R, Sheppard HW, Ray SC (1999) Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination. J Virol 73:152–160

Lu WH, Tun HM, Sun BL, Mo J, Zhou QF, Deng YX, Xie QM, Bi YZ, Leung FC, Ma JY (2015) Re-emerging of porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (lineage 3) and increased pathogenicity after genomic recombination with vaccine variant. Vet Microbiol 175:332–340

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lunney JK, Benfield DA, Rowland RR (2010) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: an update on an emerging and re-emerging viral disease of swine. Virus Res 154:1–6

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Lunney JK, Fang Y, Ladinig A, Chen N, Li Y, Rowland B, Renukaradhya GJ (2016) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV): pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 4:129–154

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Murtaugh MP, Stadejek T, Abrahante JE, Lam TT, Leung FC (2010) The ever-expanding diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Virus Res 154:18–30

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Neumann EJ, Kliebenstein JB, Johnson CD, Mabry JW, Bush EJ, Seitzinger AH, Green AL, Zimmerman JJ (2005) Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome on swine production in the United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 227:385–392

PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ogando NS, Ferron F, Decroly E, Canard B, Posthuma CC, Snijder EJ (2019) The curious case of the nidovirus exoribonuclease: its role in RNA synthesis and replication fidelity. Front Microbiol 10:1813

PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Park J, Choi S, Jeon JH, Lee KW, Lee C (2020) Novel lineage 1 recombinants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolated from vaccinated herds: genome sequences and cytokine production profiles. Arch Virol 165:2259–2277

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shi M, Lam TT, Hon CC, Murtaugh MP, Davies PR, Hui RK, Li J, Wong LT, Yip CW, Jiang JW, Leung FC (2010) Phylogeny-based evolutionary, demographical, and geographical dissection of North American type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses. J Virol 84:8700–8711

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Article  Google Scholar 

Snijder EJ, Meulenberg JJ (1998) The molecular biology of arteriviruses. J Gen Virol 79(Pt 5):961–979

CAS  PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Song J, Gao P, Kong C, Zhou L, Ge X, Guo X, Han J, Yang H (2019) The nsp2 hypervariable region of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain JXwn06 is associated with viral cellular tropism to primary porcine alveolar macrophages. J Virol 93:e01436-e1519

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Suarez P, Zardoya R, Martin MJ, Prieto C, Dopazo J, Solana A, Castro JM (1996) Phylogenetic relationships of european strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) inferred from DNA sequences of putative ORF-5 and ORF-7 genes. Virus Res 42:159–165

CAS