1.

Ulcerative colitis.

Nat Rev Dis Primers. 6: 732.Harbord M Eliakim R Bettenworth D et al.

Third European evidence-based consensus on diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis. Part 2: current management.

J Crohns Colitis. 11: 769-7843.Sabino J Verstockt B Vermeire S Ferrante M

New biologics and small molecules in inflammatory bowel disease: an update.

Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 1217562848198532084.Burisch J Katsanos KH Christodoulou DK et al.

Natural disease course of ulcerative colitis during the first five years of follow-up in a European population-based inception cohort—an epi-IBD study.

J Crohns Colitis. 13: 198-2085.Alatab S Sepanlou SG Ikuta K et al.

The global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5: 17-306.Castaño-Milla C Chaparro M Gisbert JP

Systematic review with meta-analysis: the declining risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 39: 645-6597.Rutgeerts P Sandborn WJ Feagan BG et al.

Infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.

N Engl J Med. 353: 2462-24768.Sandborn WJ van Assche G Reinisch W et al.

Adalimumab induces and maintains clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.

Gastroenterology. 142: 257-2659.Sandborn WJ Feagan BG Marano C et al.

Subcutaneous golimumab induces clinical response and remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.

Gastroenterology. 146: 85-9510.Feagan BG Rutgeerts P Sands BE et al.

Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.

N Engl J Med. 369: 699-71011.Dotan I Panés J Duvall A et al.

Etrolizumab compared with adalimumab or placebo as induction therapy for ulcerative colitis: results from the randomized, phase 3 HIBISCUS I & II trials.

United European Gastroenterology Week, Amsterdam 12.Peyrin-Biroulet L Hart AL Bossuyt P et al.

Etrolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis previously exposed to anti-tumor necrosis factor agent: the randomized, phase 3 HICKORY trial.

United European Gastroenterology Week, Amsterdam 13.Sands BE Sandborn WJ Panaccione R et al.

Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.

N Engl J Med. 381: 1201-121414.Sandborn WJ Su C Sands BE et al.

Tofacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.

N Engl J Med. 376: 1723-173615.Feagan BG Loftus Jr, EV Danese S et al.

Efficacy and safety of filgotinib as induction therapy for patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: results from the phase 2b/3 SELECTION study.

United European Gastroenterology Week, Amsterdam 16.Sandborn W D'Haens GR Wolf DC et al.

Ozanimod as induction therapy in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: results from the phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled TRUE NORTH study.

United European Gastroenterology Week, Amsterdam 17.Torres J Billioud V Sachar DB Peyrin-Biroulet L Colombel JF

Ulcerative colitis as a progressive disease: the forgotten evidence.

Inflamm Bowel Dis. 18: 1356-136318.Johnson C Barnes EL Zhang X Long MD

Trends and characteristics of clinical trials participation for inflammatory bowel disease in the United States: a report from IBD Partners.

Crohns Colitis 360. 2otaa02319.Raine T Verstockt B De Cruz P

Immune therapies in ulcerative colitis: are we beyond anti-TNF yet?.

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5: 794-79620.Singh S Murad MH Fumery M Dulai PS Sandborn WJ

First- and second-line pharmacotherapies for patients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis: an updated network meta-analysis.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 18: 2179-219121.Sands BE Peyrin-Biroulet L Loftus Jr, EV et al.

Vedolizumab versus adalimumab for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.

N Engl J Med. 381: 1215-122622.Pouillon L Travis S Bossuyt P Danese S Peyrin-Biroulet L

Head-to-head trials in inflammatory bowel disease: past, present and future.

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 17: 365-37623.West NR Hegazy AN Owens BMJ et al.

Oncostatin M drives intestinal inflammation and predicts response to tumor necrosis factor-neutralizing therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Nat Med. 23: 579-58924.Bertani L Fornai M Fornili M et al.

Serum oncostatin M at baseline predicts mucosal healing in Crohn's disease patients treated with infliximab.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 52: 284-29125.Verstockt B Verstockt S Dehairs J et al.

Low TREM1 expression in whole blood predicts anti-TNF response in inflammatory bowel disease.

EBioMedicine. 40: 733-74226.Verstockt B Verstockt S Creyns B et al.

Mucosal IL13RA2 expression predicts nonresponse to anti-TNF therapy in Crohn's disease.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 49: 572-58127.Noor NM Verstockt B Parkes M Lee JC

Personalised medicine in Crohn's disease.

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5: 80-9228.Buer LCT Høivik ML Warren DJ Medhus AW Moum BA

Combining anti-TNF-α and vedolizumab in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a case series.

Inflamm Bowel Dis. 24: 997-100429.Kwapisz L Raffals LE Bruining DH et al.

Combination biologic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: experience from a tertiary care center.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 19: 616-61730.Glassner K Oglat A Duran A et al.

The use of combination biological or small molecule therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective cohort study.

J Dig Dis. 21: 264-27131.Yang E Panaccione N Whitmire N et al.

Efficacy and safety of simultaneous treatment with two biologic medications in refractory Crohn's disease.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 51: 1031-103832.Fumery M Yzet C Brazier F

Letter: combination of biologics in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 52: 566-56733.Privitera G Onali S Pugliese D et al.

Dual targeted therapy: a possible option for the management of refractory inflammatory bowel disease.

J Crohns Colitis. 15: 335-33934.Narula N Wong ECL Aruljothy A et al.

Ileal and rectal ulcer size affects the ability to achieve endoscopic remission: a post hoc analysis of the SONIC trial.

Am J Gastroenterol. 115: 1236-124535.Feagan BG Sandborn WJ D'Haens G et al.

The role of centralized reading of endoscopy in a randomized controlled trial of mesalamine for ulcerative colitis.

Gastroenterology. 145: 149-15736.Bossuyt P Nakase H Vermeire S et al.

Automatic, computer-aided determination of endoscopic and histological inflammation in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis based on red density.

Gut. 69: 1778-178637.Takenaka K Ohtsuka K Fujii T et al.

Development and validation of a deep neural network for accurate evaluation of endoscopic images from patients with ulcerative colitis.

Gastroenterology. 158: 2150-215738.Yao H Najarian K Gryak J et al.

Fully automated endoscopic disease activity assessment in ulcerative colitis.

Gastrointest Endosc. 93: 728-73639.Bossuyt P De Hertogh G Eelbode T Vermeire S Bisschops R

Computer-aided diagnosis with monochromatic light endoscopy for scoring histologic remission in ulcerative colitis.

Gastroenterology. 160: 23-2540.Lobatón T Bessissow T De Hertogh G et al.

The modified Mayo endoscopic score (MMES): a new index for the assessment of extension and severity of endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients.

J Crohn's Colitis. 9: 846-85241.Jairath V Zou GY Parker CE et al.

Placebo response and remission rates in randomised trials of induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 9CD01157242.Bryant RV Burger DC Delo J et al.

Beyond endoscopic mucosal healing in UC: histological remission better predicts corticosteroid use and hospitalisation over 6 years of follow-up.

Gut. 65: 408-41443.Turner D Ricciuto A Lewis A et al.

STRIDE-II: an update on the selecting therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease (STRIDE) initiative of the International Organization for the Study of IBD (IOIBD): determining therapeutic goals for treat-to-target strategies in IBD.

Gastroenterology. ()44.Danese S Roda G Peyrin-Biroulet L

Evolving therapeutic goals in ulcerative colitis: towards disease clearance.

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 17: 1-245.Christensen B Hanauer SB Erlich J et al.

Histologic normalization occurs in ulcerative colitis and is associated with improved clinical outcomes.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 15: 1557-1564.e146.Cushing KC Tan W Alpers DH Deshpande V Ananthakrishnan AN

Complete histologic normalisation is associated with reduced risk of relapse among patients with ulcerative colitis in complete endoscopic remission.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 51: 347-35547.Magro F Doherty G Peyrin-Biroulet L et al.

ECCO position paper: harmonization of the approach to ulcerative colitis histopathology.

J Crohns Colitis. 14: 1503-151148.Magro F Estevinho MM Dias CC et al.

Clinical, endoscopic and histological outcomes in induction of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

J Crohns Colitis. ()49.Ma C Guizzetti L Panaccione R et al.

Systematic review with meta-analysis: endoscopic and histologic placebo rates in induction and maintenance trials of ulcerative colitis.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 47: 1578-159650.Magro F Lopes J Borralho P et al.

Comparison of different histological indexes in the assessment of UC activity and their accuracy regarding endoscopic outcomes and faecal calprotectin levels.

Gut. 68: 594-60351.Bossuyt P Bisschops R Vermeire S de Hertogh G

Variability in the distribution of histological disease activity in the colon of patients with ulcerative colitis.

J Crohns Colitis. ()52.

Evolution of clinical trials in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 20: 4153.Bhatt DL Stone GW Mahaffey KW et al.

Effect of platelet inhibition with cangrelor during PCI on ischemic events.

N Engl J Med. 368: 1303-131354.Léauté-Labrèze C Hoeger P Mazereeuw-Hautier J et al.

A randomized, controlled trial of oral propranolol in infantile hemangioma.

N Engl J Med. 372: 735-74655.Rugo HS Olopade OI DeMichele A et al.

Adaptive randomization of veliparib-carboplatin treatment in breast cancer.

N Engl J Med. 375: 23-3456.

Practical characteristics of adaptive design in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials.

J Clin Pharm Ther. 43: 170-18057.Collignon O Koenig F Koch A et al.

Adaptive designs in clinical trials: from scientific advice to marketing authorisation to the European Medicine Agency.

Trials. 19: 64258.Verstockt B Noor NM Marigorta UM et al.

Results of the Seventh Scientific Workshop of ECCO (III): precision medicine in IBD—disease outcome and response to therapy.

J Crohns Colitis. ()59.

Ulcerative colitis: recent advances in the understanding of disease pathogenesis.

F1000 Res. 9: 29460.Seyed Tabib NS Madgwick M Sudhakar P Verstockt B Korcsmaros T Vermeire S

Big data in IBD: big progress for clinical practice.

Gut. 69: 1520-153261.

What's new in IBD therapy: an “omics network” approach.

Pharmacol Res. 15910488662.Fiocchi C Dragoni G Iliopoulos D Katsanos K Hernandez Ramirez HSK

Results of the Seventh Scientific Workshop of ECCO: precision medicine in IBD—what, why and how.

J Crohns Colitis. ()