Zhao T, Su Z, Li Y, Zhang X, You Q. Chitinase-3 like-protein-1 function and its role in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):201.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Choi J, Lee H-W, Suk K. Plasma level of chitinase 3-like 1 protein increases in patients with early Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol. 2011;258:2181–5.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wiley CA, Bissel SJ, Murdoch GH. Role of CHI3L1 in neuroinflammation. Clin Immunol (Orlando, Fla). 2015;161(2):354.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Johansen JS, Høyer PE, Larsen LA, Price PA, Møllgård K. YKL-40 protein expression in the early developing human musculoskeletal system. J Histochem Cytochem. 2007;55(12):1213–28.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Johansen JS. Studies on serum YKL-40 as a biomarker in diseases with inflammation, tissue remodelling, fibroses and cancer. Dan Med Bull. 2006;53(2):172–209.

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rusak A, Buzalewicz I, Mrozowska M, Wiatrak B, Haczkiewicz-Leśniak K, Olbromski M, et al. Multimodal study of CHI3L1 inhibition and its effect on angiogenesis, migration, immune response and refractive index of cellular structures in glioblastoma. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;161:114520.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pranzatelli MR, Tate ED, McGee NR. Microglial/macrophage markers CHI3L1, sCD14, and sCD163 in CSF and serum of pediatric inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological disorders: a case-control study and reference ranges. J Neurol Sci. 2017;381:285–90.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kušnierová P, Zeman D, Hradílek P, Zapletalová O, Stejskal D. Determination of chitinase 3-like 1 in cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(5):e0233519.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Steponaitis G, Skiriutė D, Kazlauskas A, Golubickaitė I, Stakaitis R, Tamašauskas A, et al. High CHI3L1 expression is associated with glioma patient survival. Diagn Pathol. 2016;11:1–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lao S. Chitinase-3-like-Protein-1 and its role in vascular smooth muscle cell survival in advanced atherosclerosis. Doctoral dissertation, Technische Universität München; 2020.

Russo C, Valle MS, Casabona A, Malaguarnera L. Chitinase signature in the plasticity of neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(7):6301.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Chang HW, Hsu MJ, Chien LN, Chi NF, Yu MC, Chen HC, et al. Role of the autism risk gene Shank3 in the development of atherosclerosis: insights from big data and mechanistic analyses. Cells. 2023;12(21):2546.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Di Rosa M, Malaguarnera G, De Gregorio C, Drago F, Malaguarnera L. Evaluation of CHI3L-1 and CHIT-1 expression in differentiated and polarized macrophages. Inflammation. 2013;36:482–92.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bonneh-Barkay D, Bissel SJ, Kofler J, Starkey A, Wang G, Wiley CA. Astrocyte and macrophage regulation of YKL-40 expression and cellular response in neuroinflammation. Brain Pathol. 2012;22(4):530–46.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Di Rosa M, Tibullo D, Saccone S, Distefano G, Basile MS, Di Raimondo F, et al. CHI3L1 nuclear localization in monocyte derived dendritic cells. Immunobiology. 2016;221(2):347–56.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Coffman FD. Chitinase 3-Like-1 (CHI3L1): a putative disease marker at the interface of proteomics and glycomics. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2008;45(6):531–62.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bonneh-Barkay D, Wang G, Starkey A, Hamilton RL, Wiley CA. In vivo CHI3L1 (YKL-40) expression in astrocytes in acute and chronic neurological diseases. J Neuroinflammation. 2010;7:1–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Matute-Blanch C, Calvo-Barreiro L, Carballo-Carbajal I, Gonzalo R, Sanchez A, Vila M, et al. Chitinase 3-like 1 is neurotoxic in primary cultured neurons. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):7118.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Molina-Martínez P, Corpas R, García-Lara E, Cosín-Tomás M, Cristòfol R, Kaliman P, et al. Microglial hyperreactivity evolved to immunosuppression in the hippocampus of a mouse model of accelerated aging and Alzheimer’s Disease traits. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021;12:622360.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ma B, Kamle S, Akosman B, Khan H, Lee C-M, Lee CG, et al. CHI3L1 enhances melanoma lung metastasis via regulation of T cell co-stimulators and CTLA-4/B7 axis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1056397.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pedrero-Prieto CM, Frontiñán-Rubio J, Alcaín FJ, Durán-Prado M, Peinado JR, Rabanal-Ruiz Y. Biological significance of the protein changes occurring in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients: getting clues from Proteomic Studies. Diagnostics. 2021;11(9):1655.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shi G, Li M, Yan E, Zhou J, Wang M, Gong P, et al. YKL-40: a potential prognostic predictor of one-year clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. 2022.

Yilmazer-Hanke D, Alami NO, Fang L, Klotz S, Kovacs GG, Pankratz H, et al. Differential glial Chitotriosidase 1 and Chitinase 3-like protein 1 expression in the human primary visual cortex and cerebellum after global hypoxia-ischemia. Neuroscience. 2022;506:91–113.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Canto E, Tintore M, Villar LM, Costa C, Nurtdinov R, Alvarez-Cermeno JC, et al. Chitinase 3-like 1: prognostic biomarker in clinically isolated syndromes. Brain. 2015;138(4):918–31.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Libreros S, Iragavarapu-Charyulu V. YKL-40/CHI3L1 drives inflammation on the road of tumor progression. J Leucocyte Biol. 2015;98(6):931–6.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wennström M, Surova Y, Hall S, Nilsson C, Minthon L, Hansson O, et al. The inflammatory marker YKL-40 is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Alzheimer’s but not Parkinson’s disease or dementia with Lewy bodies. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(8):e0135458.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Haji S, Sako W, Murakami N, Osaki Y, Izumi Y. Serum NfL and CHI3L1 for ALS and parkinsonian disorders in the process of diagnosis. J Neural Transm. 2022;129(3):301–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Gaur N, Perner C, Witte OW, Grosskreutz J. The chitinases as biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: signals from the CNS and beyond. Front Neurol. 2020;11:377.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Llorens F, Thüne K, Tahir W, Kanata E, Diaz-Lucena D, Xanthopoulos K, et al. YKL-40 in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of neurodegenerative dementias. Mol Neurodegener. 2017;12:1–21.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hermann P, Appleby B, Brandel J-P, Caughey B, Collins S, Geschwind MD, et al. Biomarkers and diagnostic guidelines for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(3):235–46.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Jiang W, Zhu F, Xu H, Xu L, Li H, Yang X, et al. CHI3L1 signaling impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation. Sci Adv. 2023;9(39):eadg8148.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Etherton MR, Lyons JL, Ard KL. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and antiretroviral therapy: current concepts and controversies. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2015;17:1–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Coriati A, Bouvet GF, Massé C, Ducruet T, Berthiaume Y. Ykl-40 as a clinical biomarker in adult patients with cf: implications of a chi3l1 single nucleotide polymorphism in disease severity. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20(6):e93–9.